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Ecological types of fungi

In ecological terms, the main types of fungi are saprotrophs and pathogens and mutualists. 
Saprotrophic fungi (also known as saprobes, saprophytes) obtain their energy and nutrients by breaking down dead organic matter such as in soil, litter, dung, and wood. 
Pathogenic fungi derive their energy and nutrients from living organisms. These fungi invade and commonly kill trees, insects and other organisms. 
Symbionts or mutualists undertake a specialised mode of life — fungi that form mutually beneficial associations with other organisms. Both partners benefit in some way, and each on its own may be unable or less likely to survive.

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